Arts & Crafts - Arts and crafts Arts and Crafts, meaning
Arts and Crafts movement, 19 emerged in England toward the end of the century a large stream of art.
Industrial Revolution, social, moral and artistic complexity was born as a counter output. Leader of this movement, William Morris, the Victorian era of mass production goods cheap and bad niteliksizliğini highlighting the past, intended to return to handicrafts, guiding the design but ultimately gelceğe has developed excretion. Hand call to revitalize arts, to stay faithful to the material, to make beautiful functional objects, such as the principles of design to be suitable to the function, not the next generations of arts and crafts, art, and on behalf of the industry adapted to merge.
current of approximately 1880 - 1910 he lived in the days of the most brilliant.
the early 19th century industrialization began in the second half of England, mechanization and mass production in the country in response to the new gothic style doğdu.İngilz mime Pugin Houses of Parliament Competition endüstileşmenin wins brought the material world became known writer, critic Ruskin karşıidiler.Bu I etkilemiş1859 etkilemiştir.O Morris Oxford in the red house with a friend, Webb was based on hand labor Therefore, reactive movement founder William Morris was the first idea diyebiliriz.Eklektisizme babasıdır.Lathaby Voysey ornament-free with a simple and natural state of the foundations of modernism in the first atmışlardı. Symbols in this modern industrial processes doğdukça
Industrial mechanization successful use of a revolt created. And this movement was born.
... Organic architecture
Peter Collins, "Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture," architecture analogies 4 class has dedicated his book (Collins, 1965).
"Organic" is based on very old history of opinion. Linneaus'un Species plantarum (1753) production by the female organs of vegetables based on the classification of his work in human history, perhaps the first organic classification.
known as the founder of the School of Buffon Buffon, Histoire Naturelle 'in (1749) for the first time taihte "evolution" of the opinion that while the fact that the original vegetation types and other derived from plants maintained their degeneration. For the first time, "biology" that uses the word, and the effect of Lamarck stressed the importance of environment in evolution. Buffon and Lamarck argued that evolution is based on the environment. Xavier Bichat
for the first time the word organic, physiological Researches on Life and Death (1800) research on the skeletons of animals used in speaking of the symmetry. As well as a famous poet
also a famous scientist, Goethe "morphology," he says matter of form. Living in a dynamic and ongoing debate that starts the event
. Life / Growth, Flexibility / Change concepts are related.
the other hand, Jacob Schleiden (1850), and 50 years later, Herbert Spencer (1898), with biological activities that affect the Frank Lloyd Wright were thinkers ...
... Line current
Blob planes, fluid surfaces, organic forms ... Architects of the structural possibilities of digital design, vertical angles, save the environment! The last quarter-century architectural practice
Computers are playing an irreplaceable role. Especially in the '90 's. Since the second half of the years, architects, computer-aided design systems, they throw aside the CADs, used in films and animation industries, sophisticated three-dimensional modeling systems began to work. And this 'genius' forms a virtual environment through programs to easily bend, bending, folding, giving çarpıtabileceklerini discovered! Some of 'blob', some people simply the 'balloon' he called, fluid and curvilinear forms, the story began like that.
not only in architecture, design world, the 'lines soften the' creator of the trend is not only an advanced computer programs. Roots, 'the machine is considered symbols of the Age of skyscrapers and modernist geometric forms, sharp as a reaction to the '50' with the '60 's. emerged in nature and references to the' biyomorfik architecture 'to reconcile stretches. Finnish architect Eero Saarinen's JFK Airport, a master, a statue of architecture very reminiscent of the TWA Terminal Binaları''na''and''Frank Lloyd Wright is considered one of the symbols of New York at the Guggenheim Müzesi''ni, well, this new organic structures 'grandfathers' as we can accept.
...
elegant Art Nouveau Art Nouveau decorative ornaments
come to the fore, the folding patterns and frequently used herbal-based Arts & Crafts movement in Britain is an art akımıdır.Köklerinin go until it can be said. Impact on Europe and America. The name of the Art Nouveau opened in Paris in 1896
, decorative furniture and accessories from a store selling merchandise gelmektedir.Devlet rooms are not accepted for purchase sale of artists interested in the start of this tour is the current grew stronger, and the anti gained an academic qualification. The common opinion of many art and architectural historian
AN'yu born, and affects more than one item in the direction. The first of these items
19 second century half of the British design, directing, his head drawn by William Morris' Arts and Crafts "(A & C) movement. Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic styles of the Victorian period marked the depressing and serious attitude towards the A & C tradition of pre-Renaissance period, the heritage of making a modest and simple hand made banner. Craftsman, artist, architect and designer of this current within the limits softened.
...
De Stijl art magazine founded in Leiden in 1917 and around
emerging art movement is the common name (Dutch pronunciation: IPA / də stɛil /), art movement born in the Netherlands in May 1917. The first issue published in October 1917 De Stijl'in (Style), publishing director, painter, architect and poet Theo Van Doesburg'du contribute to the development of modern art, Van Doesburg'un artists gathered around the magazine, published in 1931 until his death 57 points public opinion, 1018'de a manifesto published in November under the same name. In fact, the term De Stijl
from 1917 and 1931 showed the effect of Used to specify a group of Dutch artist's works. Piet Mondrian kuramcılığını especially his current, as well as the Van Doesburg'un Bart Van Der Leck, and Vilmos Huszar Vantongerloo such as painters, Jacobus Oud, Robert Van't Hoff, Jan Wils and joined architects such as Gerrit Rietveld.
... In the field of Renaissance Architecture Style
Renaissance was the rebirth of antiquity. But works of this period are not copies of the ancient samples, 15 understanding of the century and the world in line with yorumlarıydı. Renaissance architecture, the first representative structure of an unfinished term of the gothic Cathedral of Florence dome of Brunelleschi is considered completed. One of the strengths of the basic qualities of Renaissance art was yönlenişinde. Brunelleschi intuition ancient architecture, in a sense completely manually, but without breaking gotikten approached. Understanding of the rules of architecture to create a new yerleştirenler Alberti, the next generation of artists such as was Filarette. This is especially architects Examined the structures of the Roman Empire period, the authors discovered. This is the most prominent names in the field of architecture and urban design Vitrivius'un antiquity of the leading theorist of the 10-volume work De Architectura issue of the (on Architecture) before the addition of new pictures and comments to Italian and then translate the other languages. Artwork to recognize that the content provided by Renaissance architects such as the Roman architects of a better, similar to many of the theoretical impact on writing books.
...
Rococo Style
XVIII.yy Aa in the field of fine arts in the decoration as: French, "rocaille" ("sea shells and pebbles formed ornament") is derived by means of the word joke rococo (French "rococo"), the term art historian Fiske Kimball According to earlier years of 1760-1770 until about 1730, largely based on forms of sea shells and a round ornament in a style developed as a result of excessive use of a format to specify the XVIII.yy. end sözcüktü a slang used in the workshops. On the other hand rokay (rocaille) The term initially used in the Renaissance gardens, boulders decorations (fake caves, fountains) and XVII.yy used to indicate 'the cave, and gardens reminiscent of the motifs were about shellfish.
... XVII
Baroque style. century. başlarındakatolik countries, architecture, sculpture, painting and decorative arts alanlarınada, emerged as a reaction to the renaissance period klasisizmine
Baroque works in accordance with The first artists who, by the Papal Reform and Anti-art movement created by the yüreklendirildiler. Cizvitler'in pioneered. This new movement of art in different periods in various regions of Europe and Latin America, all XVII.-XVIII. century. 's interest aroused throughout the various sizes.
XIX. centuries. beğenimsizlikle accused and subject to criticism until the end of the baroque style, apansızın won an unexpected value, so that the critics of the XVII-XVIII. century. "occasionally all the art events baroque art turned to get into the frame (whereas XVII. century. for a long time, only the age of Classicism sayılmıştı.)
Baroque art in Italy in general release date, date corresponds to the use Maderno'nun cut pediment. And Baroque styles associated
, Chinese and Japanese decorative arts, in particular the concepts of balance and excessive over-ornamentation carrying hidden similarities, in this sense can be affected significantly in the cultures of eastern styles can be suggested.
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BAUHAUS in Weimar in 1919, Walter Gropius'un
established management architecture and fine arts school. Bauhaus
; 20 century architecture, design, art created by currents in a new school. When it was established the world's most distinguished and contemporary architects, artists, bringing together, just not created an educational institution, but also a manufacturing center and has become a place where all of them discussed and discussed. Henry Van de Velde'nin
founded in Weimar Saxony Set the groundwork for the establishment of the Bauhaus School of Applied Arts Grandüklügü. Design of the Bauhaus School, also belongs to
Velde'ye. Walter Gropius, the Bauhaus was founded in 1919 by
the Nazi regime in 1933, was closed by order. Operating in 3 cities showed that the Bauhaus school. (1919-1925 Weimer, Dessaus 1925-1932, 1932-1933 in Berlin.) Chaired by Bauhaus architects in 3 different. These 1919'tan until 1928, Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer, 1928 and 1930 until 1930 until 1933 Mies van der Rohe.
Bauhaus architecture and city planning as well as industrial design issues such as innovations brought current by creating a new architecture, the art has affected all branches.
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